Refrigerating apparatus.



1. M, PI-ZIERSON.A REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 3. ISIS.

" 1 Patenten@ 21,1917.-

mm A l n 17 I mi@ 1 A Irun an renin JOHN M. PETERSON, F CHICAGO,ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR 'I O GEORGE if. SA'YLER, 0F

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

REFRIGERATING MPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent. gbtmqggd Amigo @1L-9 119m yuApplication led April 8, 1916. Serial No. lt-G.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOHN M. PETERSON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in RefrigeratingApparatus, of which the following is a full,

` clear, concise; and eXact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawing@ forming a part of this specification.

y invention relates to refrigerating systems, and has for its object theprovision of means to vprevent overloading the motive devices whenstarting under those conditions where the pressure throughout the systemhas been to an extent equalized by leakage during disuse of the system.i

To illustrate, it might be assumed that the low pressure side isoperating under a pressure of :fifteen pounds per square inch, whereasthe high pressure side is operating under one hundred and ft'y poundsper square inch when the compressor and system are in normal operation.If now the system should be shut down for a certain length of time thenleakage will permit equalization of the unlike pressures, the tendencyof course being to approach equality of pressure. If then the compressoris started, the intake'pressure is high and thus permits a reater amountof as to be taken :in-than 1s contemplated in t e design, and thecompressor must compress this great amount'of gas and force it into thehigh pressure side. This tends to overload the motive devices andrequires them to -oerform a duty greater than contemplated.

I have provided means which in addition to performing other functionsprevent this overloading of the motive device. It is furthermore truethat should the pressures of the high and low pressure sides have beenequalized so that the pressures are the same, then Without my device itmight require 'a considerable length of time, say fifteen minutes moreor less, before the compressor would be able to establish a sucientdierence of pressure to get the system into nor? mal operation. i

I vwill explain one form of my invention capable of performing thefunctions above outlined in connection with the accompanying drawing,illustrating the same, in which- Figure l is a diagrammatic view of arefrigeratlng system, and

Flg. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a lvalve structureconstructed in accordance with my invention.4

In the general view of F-ig. l, I show a compressor l which suppliesammonia gas or other refrigerant under pressure through the tube 2 tothe condenser 3, the gas then passing through the liquid receiver 4 andfrom thence to the tube .and expansion valve 6 into the refrigeratingchamber 7 having the ordinary expansion coils indicated at 8. Therefrigerant iows away from the refrigerating chamber, through the tubeor pipe 9 into the nipple 10 of my improved device 11. After passingthrough the device the refrigerant leaves through the nipple l2 by wayof the pipe 13 back to the compressor.

It will be seen that my improved device 11 forms part of that portion ofthe system called the low pressure side. My improved device consists ofa body portion 14 having the nipples l0 and l2 Aand having a hollowinterior within which a suitable valve stem l5 is longitudinallymovable. rIhis valve stem carries-at its upper extremity a'valve 16 anda guide portion 17. rIhe valve 16 c0- operates with the valve seat 18 tocontrol the passageway between the nipples 10 and 12. 'Ihe valve stemhas at its lower extremity an enlargement or head-19 adapted to actagainst a diaphragm 20. `'Ihe diaphragm is rigidly held within thediaphragm chamber between an enlarged flange 2l of the body portion llland a flange 22 of a cap structure 23,'suitable bolts 24 holding the twoiianges tightly together so as to make an airtight joint. The diaphragm2O rests on top of a plunger 26 pressed upwardlyby the spring 27, thespring 27 being mounted inthe cap structure 23 in a manner so that itspressure may be adjusted by the cov'er 28, A cap 29 closes the entirestructure to prevent tampering with the cover 28. The valve stem l5 isheld against the diaphragm 20 by the spring 30, the spring 80 merelyexerting suficient pressure to cause the said valve stem always tofollow the movements of the diaphragm. The valve stem has a hol-Y -the,bore 31. Tt will thus be seen that the bore 31 communicates with thepassageway leading to the nipple 10 and also with the passageway leadingto the nipple 12.y The spring 27 is so arranged that the normal pressureof the low pressure side of the system will not be sufficient tocompress the spring and close the valve 16. Should the pressure of thelow pressure side which enters through the nipple 10 be in excess of acertain predetermined amount, say thirty pounds, (if the. normalpressure be fifteen pounds) then this pressure is exerted against thediaphragm to press the plunger 26 downwardly, whereupon the valve stemand valve 16 due to the influence of the spring 30 close this valve.

Of course it is readily apparent that the u automatic spring action thuscontrols the size of the opening of the valve 16 and permits more orless gas to flow. through in accordance with the pressure of the lowpressure side.

Assume now that the pressure of the low pressure side instead of beingthirty pounds has reached an amount equal to a hundred pounds. Then itwill be apparent that if there were no valves 16 that the cylinder ofthe comprsor 1 would be supplied with a very large amount of gas, thusoverloading the motive device. With the interposition of my devicehowever this increase in pressure thus entirelycloses the valve 16 andwhenl the compressor begins to operate upon being started, then thetotal gas supplied to the compressor is by way of the ducts 33, -31 and34. This throttling action of course controls the amount of refrigerant,

so that the required amount is furnished` which the compressor canconveniently accommodate. As soon as the operation of the compressor hasreduced the pressure of the low pressure side to an extent where it nolonger overcomes the action of the spring 27, then the valve 16 isopened to an extent to permit additional refrigerant to be supplied tothe compressor. This action continues and the valve continues to openuntil such a time as the systemis operating normally with the valve 16wide open.

1n order to` properly supply the pressure of the low pressure side tothe diaphragm T have provided the slot 35 which at all times furnishes acounication between the diaphragm chamber and the low pressure side ofthe system.

From what has been thus described the nature of my invention will bereadily apparent as will also its various modiications within the scopeof the appended claims.

Having however thus described one form which my invention may take, what1 claim ent is: I

. 1. Tn a refrigerating system the combination with a compressor forcompressing refrigerant, means supplied by said com- I pressor whereinsaid refrigerant expands, and a valve responsive to the pressure in saidmeans to control the charge taken by said compressor from said means.

2. A refrigerating system having a high pressure side and a low pressureside, a compressor for compressing refrigerant received from the lowpressure side and supplying it at increased pressure to said highpressure side, and an automatic valve to at times control the amount ofcharge taken in by -said compressor.

3. A refrigerating system having a high pressure side and a low pressureside, a compressor for compressing refrigerant received from the lowpressure side and supplying it at increased pressure to said highpressure side, and means to at times control the amount of charge takenin by said compressor.

4;. A refrigerating system having a high pressure side and a lowpressure side, a compressor for compressing refrigerant received fromthe low pressure side and supplying it at increased pressure to saidhigh pressure side, and an automatic valve responsive to the pressure ofthe refrigerant in said low pressure side to at times control yas newand desire to secure by Letters Pat-y f the amount of charge taken in bysaid comv pressor.

5. A refrigerating system having a high pressure side and a low pressureside, a compressor for compressing refrigerant received from lthe `lowpressureside and supplying it at increased pressure to said highpressure side, and means responsive to the pressure of the refrigerantin said low pressure side to at times control the amount of chargetaken'in by said compressor.

6. A refrigerating system having a high pressure side and a low pressureside, a compressor for compressing refrigerant received from the lowpressure side and supplying it at increased pressure to said highpressure side, an automatic valve to at times control the amount ofcharge 'taken in by said compressor, and a diaphragm responsive to thepressure of the refrigerant lin said low pressure side to control saidvalve.

7 A refrigerating system having a high pressure side and a low pressureside,` a compressor for compress refrigerant relgessel ceived from thelow pressure sid\l and supplying it at increased pressure to said highpressure side, an automatic valve to at times control the amount ofcharge taken in by said compressor, and a restricted passageway forminga` hy-pass z hout said valve.

S. refrigerating system having a high pressure side and a low pressureside7 a compressor for compressing refrigerant received from the lowpressure side and supplying it at increased pressure to said highpressure side, an automatic valve to at times control the amount ofchargev taken in hy said roinm'essor, a diaphragm responsive to thepressure of the refrigerant in said low pressure side to control saidvalve, and a restricted passageway forming a by-pass about said valve. i

f). In a refrigerating system the combination with a compressor forcompressing refrigerant, means supplied by said compressor wherein saidrefrigerant expands, and control means responsive to the pressure insaid means to control the charge taken by said compresser from saidmeans.

l0. A refrigerating system having a high pressure side and a lowpressure side, a compressor for compressing refrigerant received fromthe low pressure side and supplying it at increased pressure to saidhigh pressure side, an automatic valve to at times control the amountof. charge taken in by said compressor, a diaphragm responsive to thepressure of Vthe refrigerant in said low pressure side to control saidvalve, a restricted passageway forming a ley-pass about said valve, anda stem l'or said valve, said stem having a duct for conducting fluid byway of said stem against said diaphragm.

In Witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this Zlth day of March,A. D.,

JOHN M. PETERSON. Witnesses:

MAX W. ZABEL, HAZEL A. JONES.

